B,K,D (consonants)

BANTOANON (ASI)

CONSONANTS
Heather J Crossley, SIL (June 2014)

OPEN & CLOSED SYLLABLES: INITIAL & FINAL STRESS

OCCURRENCE OF CONSONANTS: WORD INITIAL, MEDIAL, FINAL

WORD INITIAL	WORD MEDIAL	WORD FINAL	*FINAL STRESS*
Bb batà ‘youth’	Bb abat ‘almost’	Bb li-áb ‘collar bones/clavicles’	Bb babâ ‘go down/descend’
Bb bida ‘champion/star’	Bb abi ‘wrongly assumed’	Bb tigíb ‘wood chisel’	Bb bibíg ‘lips’
Bb bola ‘ball’	Bb abot ’reach’	Bb sag-ob ‘get water from a distance’	Bb tabô ‘gourd vegetable’

Kk kaha ‘matchbox’	Kk baka ‘cow’	Kk yusak ‘crush/squash’	Kk pilák ‘throw away/discard’
Kk kiboy ‘corn/callus’	Kk siko ‘elbow’	Kk balik ‘return’	Kk pisík ‘(elastic) leaves one’s grasp’
Kk kuto ‘head lice’	Kk likò ‘turn a corner’	Kk pasok ‘go to school/office’	Kk yupók ‘explode/burst’

Dd dati ‘formerly/previously’	Dd badar ‘payment’	Dd	Dd edád ‘age of someone’
Dd	Dd bida ‘champion/star’	Dd	Dd dilí ‘here’ (alternative)
Dd dugà ‘juice/gum/resin’	Dd sud-ab ‘awning’	Dd	Dd badó ‘pound rice’

Gg gatab
‘hand cutter for rice’

Gg aga
‘morning’

Gg bulág
‘blind’

Gg hubág
‘boil/carbuncle’

Gg giba
‘lap’

Gg igót
‘bottom/anus’

Gg bulig
’financial help’

Gg bibíg
‘lips’

Gg gusok
‘rib’

Gg ugár
‘sore/wound’

Gg ikog
‘tail’

Gg tabô
‘gourd vegetable’

Hh hali
‘relative/brother’

Hh paha
‘waistband’

Hh

Hh rahâ
‘there’ (nearby)

Hh hità
‘thigh’

Hh sihè
‘seashell’

Hh

Hh lahì
‘clan/race’

Hh huyat
‘wait’

Hh ohò
‘yes’

Hh

Hh tahóp
‘clean rice by bouncing’

Ll lata ‘tin/can’	Ll pala ‘shovel/spade’	Ll sampal ‘hit on the face’	Ll total ‘since/because’
Ll libot ‘go around’	Ll ilig ‘ear discharge’	Ll kumpil ‘confirmation’	Ll Abríl ‘April’
Ll luhò ‘luxurious’	Ll bola ‘ball’	Ll	Ll ku-ól ‘snail in rice fields’

Mm mada ‘rice bird/sparrow’	Mm kamang ‘crawl’	Mm tagám ‘taste’	Mm ilám ꞌI dunno’
Mm misa/mesa ‘mass’	Mm kimpit ‘tongs for fire’	Mm rimrim ‘sip’	Mm itín ‘cramp’
Mm munay ‘type of bread/cake’	Mm umang ‘hermit crab’	Mm agom ‘experience’	Mm itóm ‘black’

Nn nanà
‘pus’

Nn tan-a
‘would have but’

Nn rudan
‘hammock’

Nn tanán
‘all’

Nn nitò

‘rattan’

Nn sin-o
‘who?’

Nn gahín
‘separate out’

Nn ti-ín
‘walk on ball of foot’

Nn nupay

‘seem like/as if’

Nn tuno

’tune’

Nn turón
‘fried banana dessert’

Nn sip-ón
’a cold’

NGng ngayos
‘gums in mouth’

NGng hangin
‘wind/air’

NGng tabang
‘assist/help’

NGng butáng
‘put’

NGng ngisi
‘tooth’

NGng lingát
‘look from side to side’

NGng puling
‘something in one’s eye’

NGng bulíng
‘dirt’

NGng ngusò

‘snout/nose’

NGng tungkà
‘tiredness’

NGng lalong
‘especially’

NGng takóng
‘heel of a shoe’

Pp pabo ‘turkey’	Pp papa ‘papa’	Pp tatap ‘take care of’	Pp kisláp ‘flicker’
Pp pila ‘line up’	Pp sipà ‘kick’	Pp talip ‘to peel’	Pp sil-íp ‘peek’
Pp punò ’source/trunk’	Pp suyat ‘write/letter’	Pp suyop ‘slurp in liquid’	Pp tahóp ‘clean rice by bouncing’

Rr radà
‘cheat/defraud’

Rr arâ
‘do you suppose’

Rr hakar
‘rummage through’

Rr tupár
‘beside someone’

Rr rilà
‘tongue’

Rr kirát
‘small eyes’

Rr hipir
‘pack’

Rr tinér

‘dwell/stay’

Rr roro
‘vehicle ferry’

Rr turo
‘bull’

Rr pusor
’belly button/umbilicus’

Rr agór
‘in order to’

Ss sayap ‘fishing net’	Ss asa ‘hope’	Ss apas ’small child’	Ss bugás ‘dehusked rice’
Ss silong ‘shelter’	Ss isa ‘raise sails’	Ss ilis ‘get dressed’	Ss ma-ís ‘maize/corn’
Ss suso ‘breast feed/suckle’	Ss uso ‘fashionable’	Ss hipos ‘quiet’	Ss os-ós ‘go downhill’

Tt tagò ‘hide’	Tt tatay ‘father’	Tt sapat ‘insect’	Tt ap-át ‘four’
Tt tipras ‘measles’	Tt pito ‘whistle’	Tt pisì ‘rope’	Tt ipít ‘clothes pegs’
Tt tuman ‘do what’s required’	Tt yutò ‘cook’	Tt ipot ‘manure/dung’	Tt putót ‘short person’

Ww wayó ‘eight’	Ww tawo ‘person’	Ww sawsaw ‘dip food in sauce’	Ww ruyáw ‘yellow’
Ww wilwil ‘hanging loosely’	Ww tiwár ‘kneel with bottom up’	Ww piliw ‘shallows near the beach’	Ww isíw ‘chick’
Ww	Ww guwang ‘type of weaving palm’	Ww	Ww

Yy yaya ‘weave’	Yy ayo ’know how/clever’	Yy abay ‘attendant/bridesmaid’	Yy bayáy ‘house’
Yy yelo ‘ice/snow/frost’	Yy liyón ‘lion’	Yy	Yy gab-éy ‘night time already’
Yy yugo ‘yoke of animal’	Yy uyor ‘worm’	Yy buroy ‘jelly fish’	Yy abóy ’do you thinkꞌ

GLOTTAL - àâ
Initial stress/ no glottal	Final stress/ no glottal	Initial stress/ final glottal	Final stress/ final glottal
suka ‘vinegar’	suká ‘bone’	sukà / bugà ‘vomit’ / ‘limestone’	sugâ / yugâ ‘light a fire’ / ‘loose’
pati ‘believe’	patí ‘as well as’	asì / batì ‘language name’ / ’wake up’	atî / batî ‘dirty!’ / ‘awake’
puto ‘steamed rice cake’	putó ‘youngest child’	yutò / butò ‘to cook’/ ‘penis’	subô / to-tô ‘sad’ / ‘cut off top of tree’

Mid-vowel glottal Aa	Mid-vowel glottal Ii /Ee	Mid-vowel glottal Uu /Oo	Mid-vowel glottal (extras)
ma-ado ‘good’	ri-ín ‘where to?’	su-óng ‘bow head’	ta-ó ‘give’
ra-an ‘straight away’	pa-ít ‘bitter’	ma-óng ‘jeans/denim’	pa-a ‘thigh’
pi-áng ‘limp’	ti-ín ‘walk on ball of foot’	i-una ‘to send ahead’	ki-í ‘here at hand’
pu-át ‘non-stop’	tu-ig ‘year’	pu-at ‘non-stop’	tu-ó ‘right side’

Glottal after consonant	Glottal after consonant	Glottal after consonant	Glottal after consonant
bug-át ‘heavy’	gab-í ‘night’	bag-ó ‘new’	him-óng ꞌstill and quiet’
pus-aw ꞌfade/ colour runs’	mung-it ꞌsnot’	sip-on ‘a cold’	bal-ong ‘well’

Glottal before consonant	Glottal before consonant	Glottal before consonant	Glottal before consonant
ya-gà ‘to boil food’	pi-pì ‘make cakes of arrowroot’	po-pò ꞌpick fruit’	so-sò ꞌto burn someone with coal or cigarette’

Reduplication a	Reduplication i	Reduplication o
tartar ‘flatten bamboo’	ringring ‘wall of room’	ponpon ‘pick up off ground’	---
pangpang ‘cliff’	singsing ‘ring’	romrom ‘remember’	---

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